Great article, Sadikshya. It's awesome to see more Nepalis on Medium. However, in addition to your points, you should have highlighted the competitive advantage that memorization has given us Asians in STEM globally. I assume you would have noticed this as someone who studied in a Canadian college. The disproportionate representation of Asians in tech, especially the representation of people educated in Asia, reflects this advantage. Memorization is not necessarily bad. Among the many goals of studying, remembering things is one of them. It gives us a competitive edge, especially in STEM pursuits. While creative empowerment is lacking in our system, it isn't an either-or situation. In my opinion, the main hindering factor is the acceptance of plagiarism. If we stop this, students will be forced to think critically about their original answers instead of copying and memorizing whatever they find in their textbooks. I could elaborate more, but I would like to know your thoughts on this, as you also touched on these points, even though they were not your main thesis.